PatchSiren

PatchSiren cyber security CVE debrief

CVE-2026-5194 wolfSSL CVE debrief

## Summary A critical vulnerability in wolfSSL allows ECDSA signature verification to accept digests smaller than cryptographically appropriate when EdDSA or ML-DSA is also enabled. Missing hash/digest size and OID checks permit undersized digests during ECDSA certificate verification, weakening authentication security when the CA public key is known. ## Technical Details The flaw exists in wolfSSL's signature verification functions. When EdDSA or ML-DSA algorithms are compiled in, the ECDSA verification path fails to enforce minimum digest sizes and validate OIDs properly. This allows: - Digests smaller than NIST/SECG recommendations for the key size - Digests smaller than the security level of the ECDSA key would warrant The vulnerability affects ECDSA/ECC certificate verification only when alternative signature schemes (EdDSA, ML-DSA) are also enabled in the build. ## Affected Versions - wolfSSL: 3.12.0 and later, prior to 5.9.1 ## Impact Successful exploitation reduces the effective security of ECDSA-based authentication. An attacker with knowledge of the CA public key could leverage undersized digests to forge signatures or degrade security guarantees. CVSS 4.0 score: 9.3 (Critical). ## Timeline - **Published:** 2026-04-09 - **Last Modified:** 2026-04-16 ## Recommended Actions 1. **Upgrade immediately** to wolfSSL 5.9.1 or later 2. **Verify build configuration:** If EdDSA or ML-DSA must remain enabled, ensure the patched version is deployed 3. **Audit certificate chains:** Review ECDSA certificates in use for proper digest algorithm strength 4. **Monitor for anomalies:** Log signature verification failures as potential indicators ## References See resourceLinkAnnotations for official sources.

Vendor
wolfSSL
Product
Unknown
CVSS
CRITICAL 9.3
CISA KEV
Not listed in stored evidence
Original CVE published
2026-04-09
Original CVE updated
2026-04-16
Advisory published
2026-04-09
Advisory updated
2026-04-16

Who should care

Organizations using wolfSSL for TLS/DTLS with ECDSA certificates, especially builds with EdDSA or ML-DSA support enabled

Technical summary

Missing hash/digest size and OID validation in wolfSSL's ECDSA signature verification when EdDSA or ML-DSA is enabled allows undersized digests to be accepted, reducing authentication security. Fixed in 5.9.1.

Defensive priority

critical

Recommended defensive actions

  • Upgrade to wolfSSL 5.9.1 or later
  • Verify build configuration if EdDSA or ML-DSA must remain enabled
  • Audit ECDSA certificate chains for proper digest algorithm strength
  • Monitor signature verification failures as potential indicators

Evidence notes

Vulnerability description and affected version range derived from NVD CPE criteria and CVE record. CVSS vector and score from official NVD entry. Fix reference confirmed via wolfSSL GitHub pull request.

Sources and references

Verified primary and authoritative sources

  • CVE-2026-5194 CVE Program record

    Publisher, destination, and source semantics verified

    URL: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-5194

    CVE Program - Official CVE Program record with source-provided CVE metadata.

  • CVE-2026-5194 NVD vulnerability detail

    Publisher, destination, and source semantics verified

    URL: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5194

    NIST National Vulnerability Database - Official NIST NVD detail page and source-specific vulnerability assessment.

Supplemental references

Methodology and review provenance

AI-assisted synthesis based on stored public vulnerability evidence. System validation, approval state, and publication status do not by themselves establish human review of this revision. PatchSiren helps prioritize defensive review and does not prove exposure or remediation on any system.