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CVE-2026-42990 Microsoft CVE debrief

A critical vulnerability CVE-2026-42990 was published on 2026-07-14T17:16:48.490Z. This vulnerability is a heap-based buffer overflow in the SQL Server ODBC driver, which could allow an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network with a CVSS score of 9.8. The vulnerability affects Microsoft SQL Server and its ODBC driver. Organizations should prioritize patching to prevent potential code execution attacks. The NVD entry is currently Analyzed.

Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows 10 Version 1607
CVSS
CRITICAL 9.8
CISA KEV
Not listed in stored evidence
Original CVE published
2026-07-14
Original CVE updated
2026-07-22
Advisory published
2026-07-14
Advisory updated
2026-07-22

Who should care

Organizations using Microsoft SQL Server and its ODBC driver should prioritize patching this vulnerability to prevent potential code execution attacks. This includes operators, platform administrators, vulnerability management teams, and security teams who need to assess and mitigate the risk.

Technical summary

The vulnerability CVE-2026-42990 is a heap-based buffer overflow in the SQL Server ODBC driver. It allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. The CVSS score is 9.8, indicating critical severity. The vulnerability was published on 2026-07-14T17:16:48.490Z and last modified on 2026-07-16T17:42:03.737Z. Affected products include Microsoft SQL Server and its ODBC driver.

Defensive priority

High

Recommended defensive actions

  • Apply the vendor patch from Microsoft
  • Inventory and assess SQL Server and ODBC driver usage
  • Implement compensating controls such as network segmentation and monitoring
  • Verify and restrict access to SQL Server and ODBC driver
  • Monitor for suspicious activity and exception tracking

Evidence notes

The CVE record was published on 2026-07-14T17:16:48.490Z and was last modified on 2026-07-16T17:42:03.737Z. The NVD entry is currently Analyzed. The vulnerability is a heap-based buffer overflow in the SQL Server ODBC driver, which could allow an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. The CVSS score is 9.8, indicating critical severity. Evidence is limited to CVE and NVD details.

Sources and references

Verified primary and authoritative sources

  • CVE-2026-42990 CVE Program record

    Publisher, destination, and source semantics verified

    URL: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-42990

    CVE Program - Official CVE Program record with source-provided CVE metadata.

  • CVE-2026-42990 NVD vulnerability detail

    Publisher, destination, and source semantics verified

    URL: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42990

    NIST National Vulnerability Database - Official NIST NVD detail page and source-specific vulnerability assessment.

Supplemental references

Methodology and review provenance

AI-assisted synthesis based on stored public vulnerability evidence. System validation, approval state, and publication status do not by themselves establish human review of this revision. PatchSiren helps prioritize defensive review and does not prove exposure or remediation on any system.